Bilayer nonlocal flat optics

Haoning Tang; Shanhui Fan; Yao Jie; Hai Son Nguyen; Eric Mazur; Yuan Cao

doi:10.1186/s43593-026-00135-y

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Bilayer nonlocal flat optics

eLight Vol. 6, (2026)

Review | Updated：2026-07-21

- Bilayer nonlocal flat optics
- Affiliations：
- Author bio：
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- DOI：10.1186/s43593-026-00135-y
  CLC：
- Received：30 March 2026，
  
  Revised：2026-05-25，
  
  Accepted：25 May 2026，
  
  Online First：09 July 2026，
  
  Published：2026-12
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Haoning Tang, Shanhui Fan, Yao Jie, et al. Bilayer nonlocal flat optics[J]. eLight, 2026, 6.
DOI：

Haoning Tang, Shanhui Fan, Yao Jie, et al. Bilayer nonlocal flat optics[J]. eLight, 2026, 6. DOI： 10.1186/s43593-026-00135-y.

摘要

Abstract

Nonlocal flat optics such as photonic crystal slabs

guided-resonance dielectric metasurfaces

and plasmonic lattices use collective Bloch modes and their radiation coupling to achieve sharp spectral selectivity

tailored dispersion

and wavefront control within subwavelength thicknesses. Yet in single-layer platforms

optical functionality is constrained by limited geometric degrees of freedom: in-plane symmetry and pre-patterned geometry largely determine mode structure

while radiation channels

linewidths

and polarization responses are often linked through fixed symmetry-imposed selection rules. Bilayer nonlocal flat-optics platforms break this bottleneck by introducing interlayer degrees of freedom that are independent of the in-plane lattice design

most importantly the interlayer separation (controlling near-field hybridization strength and far-field interference phase)

as well as relative translation

twist

and lattice mismatch. This review organizes bilayer nonlocal flat optics by interlayer configurations and highlights the additional design space and reconfigurability uniquely enabled by two coupled flat-optical layers. For example

we connect aligned bilayers to mode hybridization

radiation interference

and high-

$$$Q$$$

routes to bound states in the continuum. We then show how lateral misalignme

nt unlocks symmetry breaking

off-Γ singularities

unidirectional guided resonances

and synthetic-dimensional non-Hermitian topology. Next

we discuss how lattice mismatch generates moiré superlattices with miniband flattening and localization into moiré cavities

and how twist-driven momentum mixing supports twist-tunable resonances

moiré quasi-BICs

structured radiation such as optical vortices

beam steering

and emergent chirality. Across these themes

bilayer systems unify band-structure engineering

radiation-channel topology

and post-fabrication tunability into a compact platform for reconfigurable flat-optical devices.

关键词

Keywords

references

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