Subwavelength imaging using a solid-immersion diffractive optical processor

Jingtian Hu; Kun Liao; Niyazi Ulas Dinç; Carlo Gigli; Bijie Bai; Tianyi Gan; Xurong Li; Hanlong Chen; Xilin Yang; Yuhang Li; Çağatay Işıl; Md Sadman Sakib Rahman; Jingxi Li; Xiaoyong Hu; Mona Jarrahi; Demetri Psaltis; Aydogan Ozcan

doi:10.1186/s43593-024-00067-5

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Subwavelength imaging using a solid-immersion diffractive optical processor

eLight Vol. 4, (2024)

RESEARCH ARTICLE | Updated：2024-09-25

- Subwavelength imaging using a solid-immersion diffractive optical processor
- Affiliations：
  
  Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
  Bioengineering Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
  California NanoSystems Institute (CNSI), University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
  Department of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
  School of Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
  David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- Author bio：
  
  *Aydogan Ozcanozcan@ucla.edu
- Funds：
- DOI：10.1186/s43593-024-00067-5
  CLC：
- Received：16 January 2024，
  
  Revised：09 May 2024，
  
  Accepted：2024-05-11，
  
  Published Online：13 June 2024，
  
  Published：2024-12
- Accepted：
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Jingtian Hu, Kun Liao, Niyazi Ulas Dinç, et al. Subwavelength imaging using a solid-immersion diffractive optical processor[J]. Elight, 2024, 4.
DOI：

Jingtian Hu, Kun Liao, Niyazi Ulas Dinç, et al. Subwavelength imaging using a solid-immersion diffractive optical processor[J]. Elight, 2024, 4. DOI： 10.1186/s43593-024-00067-5.

摘要

Abstract

Phase imaging is widely used in biomedical imaging

sensing

and material characterization

among other fields. However

direct imaging of phase objects with subwavelength resolution remains a challenge. Here

we demonstrate subwavelength imaging of phase and amplitude objects based on all-optical diffractive encoding and decoding. To resolve subwavelength features of an object

the diffractive imager uses a thin

high-index solid-immersion layer to transmit high-frequency information of the object to a spatially-optimized diffractive encoder

which converts/encodes high-frequency information of the input into low-frequency spatial modes for tran

smission through air. The subsequent diffractive decoder layers (in air) are jointly designed with the encoder using deep-learning-based optimization

and communicate with the encoder layer to create magnified images of input objects at its output

revealing subwavelength features that would otherwise be washed away due to diffraction limit. We demonstrate that this all-optical collaboration between a diffractive solid-immersion encoder and the following decoder layers in air can resolve subwavelength phase and amplitude features of input objects in a highly compact design. To experimentally demonstrate its proof-of-concept

we used terahertz radiation and developed a fabrication method for creating monolithic multi-layer diffractive processors. Through these monolithically fabricated diffractive encoder-decoder pairs

we demonstrated phase-to-intensity (

→

) transformations and all-optically reconstructed subwavelength phase features of input objects (with linewidths of ~ λ/3.4

where λ is the illumination wavelength) by directly transforming them into magnified intensity features at the output. This solid-immersion-based diffractive imager

with its compact and cost-effective design

can find wide-ranging applications in bioimaging

endoscopy

sensing and materials characterization.

关键词

Keywords

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